Like a Marriage, a New Business Partnership Needs a 'Pre-Nup'

When you begin a new business with a partner, nopartner a nonvoting interest or choose a deferred
matter what the form of the business, you shouldcompensation arrangement in lieu of an ownership
have a "prenuptial agreement" for your business.position.
In a marriage, you cannot predict how long theHow will the profits or losses of the business be
relationship will continue and how it will end. The samedivided? This may be according to the percentages of
is true in a business context. People do not know ifcontribution. It may also entail a preferred amount or a
their business partners will leave them for anotherguaranteed amount paid to a particular partner before
business opportunity, have a problem that interferesa division of the profits among all partners.
with their ability to do their job, or retire or die while stillIf the partner is to receive a salary, this should be set
in partnership.forth in a separate employment agreement to show
Decide the basicsthe amount of the salary and how the salary can be
Because you cannot predict the future, it is importantincreased where the partner is doing a great job, along
to have such an agreement in place once your newwith setting forth his or her duties as an employee.
business is formed.If a partner leaves
If you form a corporation, you will want a shareholderMost of the time these agreements contain a transfer
agreement. If you choose to form a limited liabilityrestriction that states the business has the first option
company, you will want an operating agreement.to buy the interest of a departing partner at a price set
In either event, you will want to cover some basicforth in the contract.
principles in your documents. This is true no matter ifIn the event that the business does not exercise the
your partner is your best friend, your sibling, youroption, or has insufficient assets to pay the price, there
parent or otherwise. Many a friendship or familyis usually a secondary option for the remaining
relationship has been tested by business problems orshareholders or partners.
the money that flows through a business.This option can occur when the partner dies or
If the issues are discussed and resolved before thebecomes disabled, retires, quits or is fired by the
problem arises, the contract will control them.corporation's board of directors, or the majority of the
Either agreement should indicate who will be runningmembers in the case of a limited liability company.
the business. Will there be the standard jobs such asThe price may be determined by an appraisal of the
president, vice president, secretary or treasurer, even ifbusiness or set by the board of directors or the
the business is a limited liability company? What willmembers of the limited liability company.
each job entail? Who has the power to terminate theThe price may be simple, based on a complicated
relationship? What types of business decisions can beformula, or an offer that either party may be the buyer
made by each officer of the business? Is there a limitor seller.
on how much can be spent by an officer withoutHow will payment be made, and for how long? That
authorization from the board or other members?depends on what the parties decide. Many times the
Money or sweat?payments are coupled with life insurance, in the case
Who will contribute money or other property to theof a partner's death, and other times, the payments
business, and what type of interest will they receiveare made over five years.
for their contribution?As you can tell, each agreement is particular to that
There are times when you or your partner may havespecific business. There are numerous questions that
money or other assets to contribute to the business.need to be answered by the business owners so their
There may be times where you have a partner withattorneys can build an agreement that will work for the
no money or assets who can only contribute sweatbusiness, ensuring its long-term success and creating
equity. In that event, you may choose to give thatfewer problems for the remaining business owners.