LLCs And Liability Protection

An affordable and very effective method to shieldattractive option for investors.
your assets from attack is to transfer your rentalAdditional benefits of the LLC include the ability of
property to a Limited Liability Company (LLC). HoldingLLCs to utilize 1031 exchanges and exemption from
title to investment property through an LLC limits thethe 3 1/3 withholding on sale of real estate for
liabilities of the business to only those assets held withinmulti-member LLCs. Furthermore, a separate federal
the LLC. In the same way as shareholders of atax return is usually not required for single-member
corporation are shielded from liability, a properly formedLLCs, including those owned by a husband-wife or
LLC will guard its owners from lawsuit liability, includingliving trust, and the property transfer to the LLC is
liability from acts of its employees and agents.almost always exempt from tax reassessment. And
There are several significant benefits the Californiathe LLC will work very well in conjunction with a living
LLC can provide to you or your investors. The LLCtrust to simultaneously protect and preserve estate
creates a risk barrier which encourages apartmentassets.
ownership, yet shields the owner's personal assetsMany apartment owners have executed a living trust
from lawsuits and seizure. The double taxation andin order to provide for the distribution of their assets
extensive formalities inherent with traditionalafter they die, as well as to avoid huge probate costs,
corporations are eliminated. When legal action such asreduce or eliminate estate taxes when they die, and
an eviction is required against a tenant, it is the LLC,prevent court control of their assets should they
rather than the individual owner, that pursues the claim.become incapacitated. The living trust, however, will not
In addition, the landlord's privacy is enhanced becauseprotect against lawsuits. If an apartment building is held
rent checks are made payable to the LLC, leasedirectly by a living trust, then all other assets in the trust
agreements are between the LLC and the tenant, andwill be exposed to lawsuit liabilities generated by the
correspondence comes from the LLC.building. A much better approach is to place your
While high limit liability insurance is important, it is still notapartment in an LLC, creating a liability barrier in order
adequate to protect the property owner(s) from lossto protect all of the other trust assets. The LLC
of assets. Most insurance policies contain exclusionsmembership interests may then be safely added to
for mold, lead-based paint and other environmentalthe trust.
hazards. Additionally, they rarely cover judgmentsAs far as multiple investments are concerned, it is
arising out of discrimination claims. Even with expensivebetter to have a separate LLC for each rental
high-limit insurance coverage, a major incident such asproperty so that liability arising from one property
a fire or balcony collapse resulting in numerous claims,cannot attach to any other properties. Even
could create liability far exceeding your policy limit.single-family homes with tenants should be held by
Even with the best of intentions regarding your tenants,their own LLC. If paying $800 annually each for multiple
the LLC has become a necessary tool in limiting liabilityLLCs is not a viable option, then properties could be
not only for legitimate claims, but also for those ingrouped together. Owning a total of six investment
which only a brainwashed jury could see merit. Theproperties with three in one LLC and three in the other
deductible $800 annual State franchise tax on LLCs iswould afford significantly more protection than owning
small compared to the huge benefit provided.all the properties in one's personal name. For those
In recent years, the State of Nevada LLC has beeninvestors wishing to transfer multiple properties with
touted as an asset protection alternative to theannual gross rental receipts totaling more than
California LLC, since the annual tax is relatively small$500,000 into a single entity, the use of a limited
compared to California. However, in most cases therepartnership should be considered. Both the limited
is little or no financial benefit to forming a Nevada LLCpartnership and the LLC must pay the $800 franchise
for your California rental property, because thetax, but the LLC must pay an additional gross receipts
ownership of the California property necessarilytax if the gross annual receipts exceed $250,000.
means business is transacted in California. As such, theBecause landlords are subject to virtually unlimited
Nevada LLC also must be registered with thelawsuit exposure and financial liability arising out of
California Secretary of State and pay the initialownership of their rental property, they must take
California registration fee and $800 annual franchiseadvantage of every lawful means to protect their
tax, along with California income tax. (Ca. Rev &assets. Once a competent attorney prepares and files
Tax Code Sec. 17941, Ca. Corp. Code Sec. 17050). Forthe array of legal documents required for the initial
business ventures other than California real estate,formation of the LLC, personal assets will no longer be
where the principal business is not transacted inreachable to satisfy any debts or judgments against
California, the Nevada LLC/Corporation may be anthe LLC.