| Education abroad and Brain drain | | | | restrict eligibility for students' visas. |
| Some students prefer to continue their education in | | | | Moreover, those who were studying there were faced |
| another country for different reasons. They may want | | | | problems returning the universities, even some of them |
| to learn the host country's language, learn their major | | | | forced to quit their study. These restrictions were |
| from the first hand resources, or they may have | | | | implemented while by and large, student visa make up |
| political and social problems in their country that make | | | | a small percentage of people entering the United |
| them to go another country to study (brain drain). Or | | | | States every ear. Therefore, the tough measures |
| the reason may be acquaintance with other countries | | | | against students seem somehow unreasonable. |
| culture; in fact, in the era of globalization this | | | | Paving the road of education in the United States may |
| cross-culture impulse has been reinforced. People | | | | have some other reasons aside from interests. Many |
| become aware of other countries facilities or strong | | | | students and scientists from other developing countries |
| points in special scientific field and depart to gain that | | | | prefer to stay in America and continue their scientific |
| knowledge. | | | | works because of social and political problems in their |
| In some countries, there are study abroad consultants | | | | countries. This increasing trend has been known as |
| that have communication with different universities in | | | | Brain-drain. "The term originated about 1960, when |
| some countries and give the students required | | | | many British scientists and intellectuals emigrated to the |
| information about the course, payment, scholarship and | | | | United States for a better working climate." |
| provide help in doing application procurers and guiding | | | | It "can be simply defined as the mass emigration of |
| about visa process. Therefore, the trend of finding | | | | technically skilled people from one country to another |
| suitable university has been easier. | | | | country. Brain-drain can have many reasons, for |
| In the United States, the first study abroad program | | | | example political instability of a nation, lack of |
| started in 1923. Prof. Raymond W. Kirkbride who was | | | | opportunities, health risks, personal conflicts etc. |
| an instructor in the Modern Languages Department in | | | | Brain-drain can also be named as "human capital flight" |
| the University of Delaware offered his plan to the | | | | because it resembles the case of capital flight, in which |
| university president. His plan, Delaware Foreign Study, | | | | mass migration of financial capital is involved." |
| was accepted and in a time that America liked to | | | | Examining the reason of brain drain in different areas |
| keep isolated, eight students were sent to France to | | | | has led to different causes. For example In Middle East |
| study. | | | | "lack of some basic facilities and services are the |
| From then on, dispatching students has continued in | | | | reasons for the mass migration from these areas. |
| different ways. One way is Winterim or winter session, | | | | Dictatorship, terrorism, orthodox attitude are basic |
| in which student takes part the education program in a | | | | hurdles of development of this region. |
| short period between fall and spring semesters. Length | | | | In Asia Unemployment, population explosion and |
| of study can range from one week, to a whole | | | | corrupt political systems are main reasons for |
| academic year. Today United States students prefer | | | | migration of skilled workers from this area. |
| the United Kingdom for studying to other countries and | | | | In countries like India, Pakistan, Bangladesh etc |
| then Italy and Spain. | | | | graduates, post graduates, experienced and skilled |
| On the other hand, unites states is the major host for | | | | professionals are not getting enough opportunities to |
| the students from abroad. It"has the world's largest | | | | develop and succeed. So with dreams of |
| international student population, with nearly 600,000 | | | | development these professionals leave their native |
| students choosing to broaden their education and life | | | | country in search of better future. This brain-drain is a |
| experience in the United States. Nearly 4% of all | | | | great loss to these developing countries." Like the |
| students enrolled in higher-level education are | | | | continent of Africa that "according to a survey Ethiopia |
| international students, and the numbers are growing." | | | | lost its 75 % of skilled workers in the years 1980-1991." |
| However, the rate of accepting students from the | | | | Studying in another country can be a good way to be |
| United States has been changing through time and has | | | | acquitted with other cultures aside from learning |
| not always been in a steady growing way. | | | | specific knowledge. So, if every country facilitate job |
| For instance after September 11 attack on Union | | | | opportunities for these graduated people, and grantee |
| Trade Center, the restrictions and limitations imposed | | | | their welfare, then they will benefit by sending their |
| on issuing student's visas especially on Arab Muslim | | | | students instead of loss. Graduated people with a wide |
| countries, declined the number of the students. In the | | | | attitude, knowing other nations experiences, and other |
| area of treating students from suspecting countries, | | | | experiences like self-sufficiency an outcome of living |
| mostly Muslim and Arab countries of course, a | | | | apart from family, could probably think, manage and |
| proposal was introduced in congress that "would | | | | handle the job in a better way. |