Tax Treatment of an LLC Distribution

Generally, the LLC and its members do not recognizeoutside basis or when an LLC with "hot assets" makes
gain or loss on a distribution of cash or property. Gaina non-pro rata distribution. In general, "hot assets" are
or loss would only be recognized when deferral isdefined as unrealized receivables or inventory of the
impractical or when it would result in a change ofLLC. However, when an LLC distributes property to a
character. It is extremely important to have an LLCmember, the inherent gain or loss in the member's
Operating Agreement so that the manner in whichinterest can be preserved by adjusting the basis of the
cash will be distributed to the members is welldistributed property.
documented.RECOGNITION OF LOSS
Internal Revenue Code Section 731 provides forA member recognizes a loss only in a liquidating
nonrecognition of gain or loss to all parties when LLCdistribution, and then only under certain circumstances.
property or money is distributed. In the case of a cashA loss is never recognized in a current (non-liquidating)
distribution, the distributee simply reduces his/herdistribution. In a situation where a liquidating distribution
outside basis by the amount of money received,consists only of cash, unrealized receivables and
preserving any inherent gain or loss in his/her LLCinventory, the distributee will recognize a capital loss if
interest. A member's initial outside basis equals thehis/her outside basis exceeds the sum of money
amount of cash the member contributes to the LLC,distributed plus the basis he/she takes in the distributed
the basis the member had in any property contributed,property. This is because, in this situation, the distributee
and the member's share of the LLC's debt.receives no capital asset in which to defer the loss.
In the case of a property distribution, the distributee'sFor example: Steve has an outside basis of $150 in his
outside basis is allocated among both the property orLLC interest. In a liquidating distribution, Steve receives
properties received and his/her continuing interest in$75 cash and accounts receivable with a basis and
the LLC (if any). Any pre-distribution inherent gain orvalue of $50. Steve has sustained a $25 loss from the
loss in the distributee's LLC interest is preserved eitherLLC interest. The loss cannot be deferred in the cash,
in the property received or in his/her continuing interestbut could be deferred by giving Steve a basis in the
in the LLC. Gain or loss is recognized only whenaccounts receivables of $75. This would produce a
deferral is impractical or would change the character$25 ordinary loss when the receivables are collected.
of income or loss.To prevent Steve from converting his capital loss into
RECOGNITION OF GAINan ordinary loss, Steve is required to recognize the
Distributions generally trigger a gain if a membercapital loss at the time of the distribution.
receives a distribution of money in excess of his/her