Who Really Owns Your LLC? The Importance of the LLC Operating Agreement

If you're starting a single member LLC, it's prettywill look to resolve the problem.
obvious who owns it--you.If you incorporate your LLC with an attorney, you will
But what if your business, like so many, require multiplecertainly pay more than you would with an online
owners to get it started? Sorting out who owns what,service. However, one thing that you will get with an
how profits are shared, losses covered, and whatattorney that you will not get with most inexpensive
happens if your LLC falls apart is something to know(under $300) online incorporators is a custom drafted
now...not months or years into the business.Operating Agreement.
The OrganizerWhat Happens If You Don't Have An Operating
Your LLC is born when you file Articles ofAgreement?
Organization with your state. This is when the LLCThere's a myth that if you die without a will, the state
officially comes to life. Every state requires thattakes all your money. In fact, if you die without a will,
someone sign the Articles of Organization as thewhat happens is that your assets are divided among
"organizer". This is the person filling out the paperwork.your spouse and/or relatives according to a formula
An organizer can be a member (owner) of the LLC, orset under state law (and the formula differs with each
an attorney forming the LLC for the owners.state).
The organizer's sole role is to sign the paperworkSame is true if you form an LLC and never sign an
forming the LLC.Operating Agreement. You LLC exists, however, the
Membersrules of profit and loss sharing, withdrawal of
Members are the owners of an LLC. Very similar tomembers, and winding up your LLC are all controlled
shareholders in a corporation or partners in aby state "default" rules. I bet you don't know your
partnership. In some states, the Articles of Organizationstate's default rules. In fact, I don't know them off the
will have a space for you to list the initial members oftop of my head either.
the LLC. Some states, like New York, do not.That is one very good reason to have an Operating
However, this filing is NOT conclusive proof ofAgreement if there is more than one member of your
ownership. Instead, ownership of an LLC is controlledLLC.
by a different document, perhaps the most importantAn Operating Agreement is particularly important if a
document in an LLC, the:dispute arises among members. Without a written and
Operating Agreementsigned Operating Agreement, I can tell you that litigation
The Operating Agreement is THE document forwill be extremely difficult and nasty, as it will be one
determining ownership of an LLC. Actually, theperson's word against the other's. Nasty litigation
operating agreement does more than list ownership ofusually means expensive litigation, and that's the last
the LLC. It operates to allocate profits and losses,thing anyone needs.
establishes voting systems (majority, super majority,Getting Your Operating Agreement
unanimous), how assets will be divided if the LLC shutsOne of the services provided by LegalZoom is a
down, and what happens if a member withdraws fromcustomized Operating Agreement. Even their lowest
the LLC.priced, $139 Economy Package (as of 2007), includes
When there is a dispute between members/ownersa customized Operating Agreement.
of an LLC, the Operating Agreement is where a court